Kronos the Titan lord of time, evil, and the harvest. He is the youngest but boldest and most devious of Gaea’s children; he convinced several of his brothers to aid him in the murder of their father, Ouranos. He was also Percy Jackson’s primary opponent. Roman form: Saturn
Labyrinth an underground maze originally built on the island of Crete by the craftsman Daedalus to hold the Minotaur
lamia Roman term for zombie
Lar (Lares, pl.) Roman house gods
legionnaire a member of the Roman army
Lemurian from the ancient continent of Lemuria, now lost, but once thought to be located in the Indian Ocean
Leto mother of Artemis and Apollo with Zeus; goddess of motherhood
libri Latin for books
lictor an officer who carried a fasces and acted as a bodyguard for Roman officials
Little Tiber named after the Tiber River of Rome, the smaller river that forms the barrier of Camp Jupiter
Luna the moon Titan. Greek form: Selene
Lupa the wolf goddess, guardian spirit of Rome
maenad a female follower of Dionysus/Bacchus, often associated with frenzy
manubalista a Roman heavy crossbow
Mars the Roman god of war. Greek form: Ares
Medea a Greek enchantress, daughter of King Aeëtes of Colchis and granddaughter of the Titan sun god, Helios; wife of the hero Jason, whom she helped obtain the Golden Fleece
Meleager a prince who the Fates predicted would die when a piece of firewood was consumed. When his mother discovered that Meleager had killed her two brothers, she threw the wood into the fire, bringing about his death.
Meliai Greek nymphs of the ash tree, born of Gaea; they nurtured and raised Zeus in Crete
Mercury the Roman god of travelers; guide to spirits of the dead; god of communication. Greek form: Hermes
Minerva the Roman goddess of wisdom. Greek form: Athena
Mist a magical force that prevents mortals from seeing gods, mythical creatures, and supernatural occurrences by replacing them with things the human mind can comprehend
Mount Olympus home of the Twelve Olympians
Mount Othrys a mountain in central Greece; the Titans’ base during the ten-year war between the Titans and the Olympians; the seat of the Titans in Marin County, California; known by mortals as Mount Tamalpais
Mount Vesuvius a volcano near the Bay of Naples in Italy that erupted in the year 79 CE, burying the Roman city of Pompeii under ash
muster a formal assembly of troops
myrmeke a giant antlike creature the size of a full-grown German shepherd. Myrmekes live in enormous anthills, where they store shiny loot, like gold. They spit poison and have nearly invincible body armor and vicious mandibles.
naiad a female water spirit
Nereid a spirit of the sea
Nero ruled as Roman Emperor from 54 to 58 CE; he had his mother and his first wife put to death; many believe he was responsible for setting a fire that gutted Rome, but he blamed the Christians, whom he burned on crosses; he built an extravagant new palace on the cleared land and lost support when construction expenses forced him to raise taxes; he committed suicide
New Rome both the valley in which Camp Jupiter is located and a city—a smaller, modern version of the imperial city—where Roman demigods can go to live in peace, study, and retire
Nine Muses goddesses who grant inspiration for and protect artistic creation and expression; daughters of Zeus and Mnemosyne; as children, they were taught by Apollo. Their names are: Clio, Euterpe, Thalia, Melpomene, Terpsichore, Erato, Polymnia, Ourania, and Calliope.
nuntius Latin for messenger
nymph a female deity who animates nature
Oliver Cromwell a devout Puritan and influential political figure who led the parliamentary army during the English Civil War
Oracle of Delphi a speaker of the prophecies of Apollo
Ouranos the Greek personification of the sky; husband of Gaea; father of the Titans
Pan the Greek god of the Wild; the son of Hermes. Roman form: Faunus
pandos (pandai, pl.) a man with gigantic ears, eight fingers and toes, and a body covered with hair that starts out white and turns black with age
People’s Park a property located off Telegraph Avenue in Berkeley, California, that was the site of a major confrontation between student protestors and police in May 1969
Phlegethon the River of Fire in the Underworld
Pluto the Roman god of death and ruler of the Underworld. Greek form: Hades
Pomerian Line the border of Rome
Pompeii a Roman city that was destroyed in 79 CE when the volcano Mount Vesuvius erupted and buried it under ash
Poseidon the Greek god of the sea; son of the Titans Kronos and Rhea, and the brother of Zeus and Hades. Roman form: Neptune
praetor an elected Roman magistrate and commander of the army
praetorium the living quarters for the praetors at Camp Jupiter
princeps Latin for first citizen or first in line; the early Roman emperors adopted this title for themselves, and it came to mean prince of Rome
principia the military headquarters for the praetors at Camp Jupiter
probatio the rank assigned to new members of the legion at Camp Jupiter
Ptolemaic relating to the Greco-Egyptian kings who ruled Egypt from 323 to 30 BCE
Python a monstrous dragon that Gaea appointed to guard the Oracle at Delphi
River Styx the river that forms the boundary between Earth and the Underworld
Romulus a demigod son of Mars, twin brother of Remus; first king of Rome, who founded the city in 753 BCE
Saturnalia an ancient Roman festival held in December in honor of the god Saturn, the Roman equivalent of Kronos
satyr a Greek forest god, part goat and part man
Selene the moon Titan. Roman form: Luna
Senate a council of ten representatives elected from the legion at Camp Jupiter
Senate House the building at Camp Jupiter where the senators meet to discuss such issues as whether a quest should be granted or whether war should be declared
Sibyl a prophetess
Sibylline Books the Cumaean Sibyl’s prophecies—prescriptions for warding off disasters—dating back to ancient Roman times, collected in nine volumes, six of which were destroyed by the Sibyl herself. The three remaining books were sold to the last Roman king, Tarquin, and then lost over time. Ella the harpy read a copy of the three Books and is trying to reconstruct all the prophecies with her photographic memory and the help of Tyson the Cyclops.
sica (siccae, pl.) a short, curved sword
Somme a battle of World War I fought by the British and French against the Germans by the River Somme in France
Somnus the Roman god of sleep
spatha a Roman cavalry sword
spolia opima one-on-one combat between two opposing leaders in a war, the ultimate display of courage for a Roman; literally, spoils of war
strix (strixes, pl.) a large blood-drinking owl-like bird of ill omen
Stymphalian birds monstrous man-eating birds with sharp Celestial bronze beaks that can tear through flesh. They can also shoot their feathers at prey like arrows.
Styx a powerful water nymph; the eldest daughter of the sea Titan, Oceanus; goddess of the Underworld’s most important river; goddess of hatred; the River Styx is named after her
sub rosa Latin for under the rose, meaning sworn to secrecy
Subura a crowded lower-class area of ancient Rome
Summer of Love a gathering of more than 100,000 hippies or “flower children” in the San Francisco neighborhood of Haight-Ashbury during the summer of 1967 to enjoy art, music, and spiritual practices while also protesting the government and materialistic values